UNDERSTANDING TOOTH WEAR: WHY IT HAPPENS AND WHAT YOU CAN DO ABOUT IT

Over time, our teeth go through a lot. Chewing, grinding, clenching, acidic foods, and even daily habits can slowly wear down the enamel that protects our smile. Some wear is natural with age, but excessive or uneven wear can lead to functional problems, sensitivity, and even changes in your appearance.

As a prosthodontist, I often see patients who are concerned about short, worn, or chipped teeth. Understanding the types of tooth wear can help you recognize what’s happening in your own mouth and why treatment may be important.

THE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF TOOTH WEAR

1. ATTRITION – WEAR FROM TOOTH-TO-TOOTH CONTRACT

Attrition happens when teeth rub directly against each other, often from grinding or clenching (bruxism). Over time, this leads to flat, shortened teeth and sometimes cracked enamel. Many patients don’t realize they grind at night until they see the damage or experience jaw soreness.

2. EROSION – WEAR FROM ACIDS

Erosion is caused by acids dissolving the enamel. This may come from dietary acids (like soda, citrus, wine, or energy drinks) or medical issues such as acid reflux. Eroded teeth may look smooth, shiny, or cupped out in certain spots, and can feel sensitive to hot, cold, or sweet foods.

3. ABRASION – WEAR FROM HABITS OR TOOLS

Abrasion results from something physically rubbing against the teeth. Common causes include aggressive toothbrushing, abrasive toothpaste, or habits like nail-biting, chewing pens, or using your teeth to open things. This type of wear often appears as notches near the gumline.

4. ABFRACTION – STRESS-RELATED WEAR AT THE GUMLINE

Abfraction is caused by excessive forces on teeth (like clenching), which lead to tiny stress fractures near the gumline. These areas can look like wedge-shaped notches and are often sensitive.

WHY TREATING TOOTH WEAR MATTERS

While wear may seem cosmetic at first, it can affect much more than your smile’s appearance:

• Bite collapse (shorter teeth, aged appearance)

• Increased risk of fractures

• Tooth sensitivity or nerve problems

• Difficulty chewing

• Jaw discomfort or TMJ issues

Left untreated, severe wear may require a full-mouth rehabilitation to restore proper bite, function, and appearance.

HOW WE CAN HELP

The good news is, tooth wear can be managed and treated. Depending on the cause and severity, treatment may include:

• Custom night guards to protect against grinding

• Restorative treatments like crowns, veneers, or bonding

• Bite rehabilitation to restore proper function

• Guidance on diet, habits, and oral care

Our goal is to not only restore your teeth but also prevent further damage, helping you keep a strong, healthy smile for life.

✨ If you’ve noticed your teeth getting shorter, flatter, or more sensitive, it may be a sign of wear that needs attention. I’d be happy to evaluate your case and discuss personalized treatment options.

Check out other before and after cases on our website.